06－Percy Buttons

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本文出现的语法知识

1. 现在完成时
2. 一般过去式
3. 并列句

一、ask for

ask for 是一个常见的动词短语，意思是 “请求” 或 “要求” 某物、某事或某人去做某事。

基本结构：ask for + 名词 / 名词短语

✅ 常见含义及例句：

用法	含义	例句
请求物品	请求某物	He asked for a glass of water. （他要了一杯水。）
请求帮助	请求援助、支持	She asked for help with her homework. （她请求别人帮她做作业。）
要求见某人	请求见某人或打电话找某人	Someone is asking for you at the door. （有人在门口找你。）
寻求惩罚（引申义）	自找麻烦，自讨苦吃	If you insult him again, you're just asking for trouble. （如果你再侮辱他，就是在自找麻烦。）

🔹 常见扩展表达：

短语	含义	示例
ask for directions	问路	He asked for directions to the train station.
ask for advice	征求建议	I asked my teacher for advice about studying abroad.
ask for forgiveness	请求原谅	He asked for forgiveness after making a mistake.
ask for a raise	请求加薪	She finally asked for a raise after two years of hard work.
ask for trouble	自找麻烦	Driving so fast in the rain is just asking for trouble.

🔹 ask...for用法 意思是：向某人请求某物。

句子	中文意思
She asked me for some help.	她向我请求一些帮助。
I asked the waiter for the bill.	我向服务员要账单。
They asked us for our opinions.	他们向我们征求意见。

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🔁 常见变形：

结构	含义	例句
ask someone for advice	请求某人的建议	He asked his father for advice.
ask someone for money	向某人要钱	The boy asked his mom for money.
ask someone for a favor	请求帮忙	Can I ask you for a favor?

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二、a glass of

“a glass of...” 是用来表示“一杯……”的表达，下面都是表示“一定量的某物”，常用于不可数名词前。既包括食物饮料类，也包括常见日常表达：

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🍹 常见“容器 + of”表达方式

a glass of这种类似的表达，

短语	含义	示例
a glass of	一杯（玻璃杯）	a glass of water 一杯水
a cup of	一杯（通常是热饮）	a cup of tea 一杯茶
a bottle of	一瓶	a bottle of juice 一瓶果汁
a can of	一罐（易拉罐）	a can of cola 一罐可乐
a mug of	一大杯（马克杯）	a mug of coffee 一大杯咖啡
a carton of	一纸盒	a carton of milk 一盒牛奶
a bowl of	一碗	a bowl of soup 一碗汤
a plate of	一盘	a plate of rice 一盘米饭
a piece of	一块，一片，一张（通用型量词）	a piece of cheese 一块奶酪
a slice of	一片	a slice of bread 一片面包
a bar of	一条	a bar of chocolate 一条巧克力
a pack of	一包	a pack of biscuits 一包饼干
a jar of	一罐（玻璃罐）	a jar of jam 一罐果酱

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这些表达方式通常用于搭配 不可数名词 或集合名词，使它们可以像可数名词一样使用。

例句：

• ✅ I’d like a cup of coffee.（我想要一杯咖啡。）
• ✅ He drank a bottle of water.（他喝了一瓶水。）
• ✅ She bought a pack of sugar.（她买了一包糖。）

三、In return for this

短语 “in return for (something)” 表示“作为对……的回报”，用于表达交换、报答、回馈、作为交换条件的意思。这个表达在正式或书面语中比较常见。

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1. 基本用法：

in return for + 名词/动名词
表示：作为对某事的回报或交换

• He gave me a book in return for my help.
  他送了我一本书，以感谢我的帮助。

• In return for your kindness, let me treat you to dinner.
  作为你善意的回报，让我请你吃顿饭。

• She cleaned the kitchen in return for a free meal.
  她打扫了厨房，作为交换得到了一顿免费餐。

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2. 常见扩展表达：

表达	含义	示例
in return	作为回报（省略后面对象）	He helped me, and I gave him a gift in return.
as a reward for	作为奖励	She got a bonus as a reward for her hard work.
in exchange for	与……交换（更侧重物物交换）	He gave me his bike in exchange for my old guitar.
as compensation for	作为赔偿	They gave him money as compensation for the damage.
as a gesture of thanks	作为感谢的表示	I brought flowers as a gesture of thanks.

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3. 小结句型：

• I did A in return for B.（我做了A来回报B）
• She received A in return for B.（她因为B收到了A）

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四、stand on one's head

短语 “stood on one's head” 表示 “倒立”——也就是一个人把头朝下，脚朝上地站立。

✅ 例句：

• He stood on his head to entertain the children.
  （他倒立逗孩子们开心。）

• I can’t stand on my head — it makes me dizzy!
  （我不会倒立——那让我头晕！）

• She’s practicing yoga and learning to stand on her head.
  （她在练习瑜伽，学倒立。）

✅ 扩展含义（比喻用法）： “stand on one’s head” 有时也被用于 比喻意义，表示某人为达成某个目的做了很大的努力、甚至做出常人不会做的事。

• He would stand on his head to get that job.
  （为了得到那份工作，他愿意付出一切 / 不惜做任何事。）

五、go away

1. go away的常用含义与用法：

📌 go away

意思：

1. 离开，走开
2. （问题、感觉）消失、不再存在

例句：

• Please go away and leave me alone.（走开，让我一个人静静。）
• I took a pill and the pain went away.（我吃了药，疼痛就消失了。）

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2. go + 副词 常见表达拓展

短语	含义	示例句
go back	回去，返回	He went back to his hometown.
go out	出去，熄灭	The fire went out in the night.
go in	进入	I saw him go in the house.
go on	继续，发生	Please go on with your story.
go off	爆炸，响起，离开	The bomb went off suddenly.
go up	上升，上涨	Prices went up last week.
go down	下降，落下	The sun went down slowly.
go over	复习，仔细检查	Let’s go over the answers.
go through	经历，审查	She went through a tough time.
go along	继续进行，陪伴	I’ll go along with you.

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3. 更多动词+副词短语（表示动作方向、状态变化等）

短语	含义	示例句
come in	进来	Please come in and have a seat.（请进，坐下吧。）
come out	出现，出版	The new book came out last week.（新书上周出版了。）
get up	起床，站起来	I get up at 7 a.m. every day.（我每天早上七点起床。）
get down	低头，下来	The cat got down from the tree.（猫从树上下来了。）
take off	起飞，脱下	The plane took off at noon.（飞机中午起飞了。）
put on	穿上，戴上	He put on his jacket and left.（他穿上外套出门了。）
turn on	打开（电源）	Can you turn on the light?（你能把灯打开吗？）
turn off	关闭（电源）	Don't forget to turn off the TV.（别忘了关电视。）
pick up	捡起，接人	I’ll pick you up at 6 p.m.（我下午六点来接你。）
give up	放弃	She gave up smoking last year.（她去年戒烟了。）
look up	查找，仰望	You can look up the word in a dictionary.（你可以在词典里查这个词。）
look down	俯视，看不起	Don’t look down on others.（不要看不起别人。）
break down	故障，崩溃	My car broke down on the highway.（我的车在高速上抛锚了。）
set off	出发	We set off early in the morning.（我们一大早就出发了。）
bring up	抚养，提出	She brought up three children by herself.（她独自抚养了三个孩子。）
carry on	继续	Please carry on with your work.（请继续你的工作。）

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4. 判断副词的方式

在这类短语中，副词多表示：

• 方向（away, out, back, in, down, up…）
• 状态变化（off, on, over, through…）
• 时间、频率、强度（later, again, hard…）

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六、call at

call at 是一个常见的动词短语，用法主要有两个核心意思：一种用于“拜访（某地）”，另一种用于“（火车、船只等）停靠”。

1. （人）拜访某地、到达某地

用于表示 到某地去（短暂停留）或拜访某个地方。

• 用法结构：
  call at + 地点

• 示例：

  • The inspector called at our office yesterday.
    （检查员昨天来我们办公室拜访了。）
  • Percy Buttons calls at every house in the street once a month.
    （珀西·巴顿斯每个月到这条街的每户人家去一次。）

2. （船/火车）停靠、经停

用于描述 交通工具在某地停靠，常见于正式/书面语。

• 用法结构：
  The train/ship calls at + 站点

• 示例：

  • The train calls at Bristol, Reading and Paddington.
    （这列火车依次停靠布里斯托、雷丁和帕丁顿。）
  • The ship called at several ports on its way to Africa.
    （这艘船在驶往非洲的途中停靠了几个港口。）

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3. call 相关常见短语扩展：

短语	含义	示例
call at	拜访（地点）、停靠（车船）	He called at the school to pick up the documents.
call on sb	拜访某人（强调人）	I’ll call on Mr Wang this afternoon.
call for	要求，需要；去接人	This job calls for patience. / I’ll call for you at 8.
call off	取消（计划、活动）	They called off the match because of rain.
call out	大声喊；召集（紧急情况）	She called out his name loudly. / Firefighters were called out.
call up	打电话给某人；征召（服兵役）	I called him up last night. / He was called up for military service.
call in	召来；打电话进来	The manager called in the staff for a meeting.

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七、once a month

好的，我会根据表格中的分类来重新整理并添加新的时间频率表达。以下是整理后的表格：

1. 每日频率表达：

频率表达	含义	示例句子
once a day	每天一次	I take a walk once a day. (我每天走一次路。)
every day	每天	He drinks coffee every day. (他每天喝咖啡。)
twice a day	每天两次	She checks her email twice a day. (她每天检查两次邮件。)

2. 每周频率表达：

频率表达	含义	示例句子
once a week	每周一次	I go to the market once a week. (我每周去一次市场。)
twice a week	每周两次	She attends yoga classes twice a week. (她每周上两次瑜伽课。)
three times a week	每周三次	I go to the swimming pool three times a week. (我每周游三次泳。)
every week	每周	I visit my parents every week. (我每周看一次父母。)

3. 每月频率表达：

频率表达	含义	示例句子
once a month	每月	He calls at every house in the street once a month
twice a month	每月两次	The magazine is published twice a month. (杂志每月出版两次。)
every month	每月	The report is due every month. (报告每月提交一次。)

4. 每年频率表达：

频率表达	含义	示例句子
once a year	每年一次	We travel abroad once a year. (我们每年去一次国外。)
every year	每年	We celebrate our anniversary every year. (我们每年庆祝周年纪念日。)

5. 每次频率表达

表达方式	含义	示例	翻译
each time	每一次，强调每次单独的情况	Each time I go to the store, I buy some fruit.	每次我去商店，我都会买些水果。
every time	每次，强调每个事件的重复	Every time she calls, I feel happy.	每次她打电话，我都会感到高兴。
at all times	始终，随时	You should be honest at all times.	你应该始终诚实。
on every occasion	每一次场合，每次发生的事件	He has been kind on every occasion we've met.	每次我们见面时，他都很友善。
whenever	每当，任何时候	Whenever I travel, I take lots of photos.	每当我旅行时，我都会拍很多照片。

6. 其他频率表达：

频率表达	含义	示例句子
once every two days	每两天一次	I go jogging once every two days. (我每两天跑步一次。)
every other day	每隔一天	She goes to the gym every other day. (她每隔一天去健身房。)
every now and then	偶尔，间或	I like to go hiking every now and then. (我偶尔去远足。)
once in a while	偶尔，间隔一段时间	Once in a while, we eat out at a fancy restaurant. (偶尔我们会去高档餐厅吃饭。)