07-Too Late
本文出现的语法知识
- 过去进行时(They were expecting a valuable parcel of diamonds from South Africa.)
- 过去完成时(someone had told the police )
- 宾语从句(someone had told the police that thieves would try to steal the diamonds.)
- 过去将来时(thieves would try to steal the diamonds)
一、detective
🕵️♂️ 与侦探职业直接相关的词:
- detective - n. 侦探
- inspector - n. 检查员,督察(警官级别高于普通侦探)
- sleuth - n. 私家侦探(略带文学色彩)
- agent - n. 特工(如 FBI agent)
- investigator - n. 调查员
- police officer - n. 警察
- private eye - n. 私家侦探(口语说法)
🧠 与侦探行为相关的动词:
- investigate - v. 调查
- detect - v. 发现,察觉
- track - v. 跟踪
- pursue - v. 追捕
- arrest - v. 逮捕
- analyze - v. 分析(证据)
🔍 与案件调查相关的名词:
- clue - n. 线索
- evidence - n. 证据
- mystery - n. 谜团
- crime - n. 犯罪
- case - n. 案件
- suspect - n. 嫌疑人
- victim - n. 受害者
- alibi - n. 不在场证明
- testimony - n. 证词
- witness - n. 证人
✍️ 描述侦探的常用形容词:
- observant - adj. 观察力强的
- clever - adj. 聪明的
- resourceful - adj. 足智多谋的
- cunning - adj. 狡猾的
- meticulous - adj. 一丝不苟的
- tenacious - adj. 顽强的,执着的
二、when / while
🕓 when 的用法与扩展
1. when 表示“某时”,强调一个点状时间
通常用于表示主句动作发生的时间点,多用于过去时。
结构:
when + 一般过去时,主句一般过去时
主句 + when + 一般过去时
例句:
- I was watching TV when she called.
(她打电话时我正在看电视。) - When I got home, it was already dark.
(我到家的时候天已经黑了。)
2. when 可以表示“那时候”,引导时间状语从句
例句:
- When I was young, I liked drawing.
(我小时候喜欢画画。)
3. when 用于表示“条件”或“一……就……”
例句:
- Call me when you arrive.
(你到了就给我打电话。) - When the lights turn red, you must stop.
(红灯亮时你必须停下来。)
⏳ while 的用法与扩展
1. while 表示“当……的时候”,强调两个动作同时进行
特别常和进行时态连用,表示背景动作或对比动作。
结构:
while + 进行时,主句 + 进行时 或 一般过去时
例句:
- I was cooking while he was watching TV.
(我在做饭时他在看电视。) - While she was reading, the phone rang.
(她正在看书时,电话响了。)
2. while 表示“虽然,尽管”(让步)
例句:
- While I understand your point, I still disagree.
(虽然我理解你的观点,但我仍然不同意。)
3. while 表示“而(表示对比)”
例句:
- He likes tea, while I prefer coffee.
(他喜欢茶,而我更喜欢咖啡。)
✅ 对比总结
| 用法 | when | while |
|---|---|---|
| 强调时间点 | ✅ | ❌ |
| 强调两个动作同时发生 | ✅(有时) | ✅(更常见) |
| 强调“对比” | ❌ | ✅ |
| 强调“让步” | ❌ | ✅ |
| 和进行时搭配 | 偶尔 | 更常见 |
三、valuable / precious
- valuable - adj. 有价值的;贵重的
- precious - adj. 珍贵的;宝贵的;珍稀的
与其含义相关的词汇拓展:
- invaluable - adj. 无价的,极其宝贵的(比 valuable 更强)
- priceless - adj. 无价的,极其珍贵的
- treasured - adj. 被珍视的,被珍藏的
- irreplaceable - adj. 无法替代的,独一无二的
- cherished - adj. 珍视的,珍爱的
- beloved - adj. 深受喜爱的,被深爱的
- dear - adj. 亲爱的,珍贵的(有时带感情色彩)
- exquisite - adj. 精致的,极美的(用于描述珍贵物品)
- coveted - adj. 梦寐以求的;极度渴望拥有的
- rare - adj. 稀有的,珍贵的
- exceptional - adj. 卓越的,罕见的(用于人或才能)
- luxurious - adj. 奢华的,豪华的(强调贵重和享受)
- ornamental - adj. 装饰性的,华丽但也可贵重
- gilded - adj. 镀金的;金碧辉煌的(引申为贵重)
- glorious - adj. 辉煌的,令人赞叹的(引申为值得珍惜)
四、full of
be full of + 名词 / 名词短语 意思是“充满……”,可以表示实物、情感、特质等的充满。
🔹 示例:
-
The room is full of people.
(房间里满是人。) -
Her eyes were full of tears.
(她眼里满是泪水。) -
This book is full of useful information.
(这本书充满了有用的信息。)
五、keep guard
1. “keep guard” 的用法
keep guard 是一个动词短语,意思是“站岗;警戒;守卫”
🔹 结构:keep guard (at/over... )
🔹 示例句:
-
Two detectives were keeping guard at the door.
(两位侦探正在门口站岗。) -
A soldier was keeping guard over the prisoners.
(一名士兵正在看守犯人。)
🔸 同义短语:
- stand guard(站岗)
- be on guard(处于警戒状态)
- keep watch(监视)
2. keep 的其他常见短语表达
| 短语 | 含义 | 示例句(含中文) |
|---|---|---|
| keep doing sth | 持续做某事 | Keep trying! You'll succeed.(坚持努力!你会成功的。) |
| keep an eye on | 留意、监视 | Can you keep an eye on my bag?(你能帮我看下包吗?) |
| keep in touch | 保持联系 | Let’s keep in touch.(我们保持联系吧。) |
| keep one's word | 信守诺言 | He always keeps his word.(他总是信守诺言。) |
| keep one's head | 保持冷静 | Try to keep your head in a crisis.(在危机中要保持冷静。) |
| keep calm | 保持冷静 | Try to keep calm in an emergency.(紧急时刻要保持冷静。) |
| keep silent / quiet | 保持沉默 / 安静 | Please keep silent during the test.(考试期间请保持安静。) |
| keep away (from) | 远离 | Keep away from the fire.(远离火源。) |
| keep back | 保持距离,退后,隐藏 | The police told us to keep back.(警察叫我们后退。) |
| keep up with | 跟上,保持同步 | She walks too fast. I can't keep up with her.(她走得太快了,我跟不上。) |
| keep out | 禁止进入 | Keep out! Staff only.(禁止进入!仅限员工。) |
| keep to oneself | 不与人交往,保密 | He always keeps to himself.(他总是独来独往。) |
| keep pace with | 跟上节奏,保持同步 | Technology changes so fast that it's hard to keep pace with it.(科技变化太快,很难跟上节奏。) |
| keep in mind | 记住,谨记 | Keep in mind that honesty is the best policy.(记住,诚实是上策。) |
| keep track of | 跟踪,记录 | I keep track of my expenses every month.(我每个月都记录开支。) |
| keep up appearances | 装作一切正常,维持表面体面 | They were poor but kept up appearances.(他们虽穷却维持着体面。) |
| keep someone posted | 随时通知某人 | Keep me posted on any updates.(有新情况随时告诉我。) |
| keep a low profile | 保持低调 | He’s keeping a low profile after the scandal.(丑闻后他一直保持低调。) |
六、To their surprise
To + one's + 名词(抽象名词)
表示“令某人……的是……”,通常放在句首作为状语,强调主观感受或结果。
- To their surprise, the thief returned the wallet.
(令他们惊讶的是,小偷竟然把钱包还回来了。)
1. 常见变体搭配(高频表达)
| 表达 | 含义 | 示例 |
|---|---|---|
| To my surprise | 令我惊讶的是 | To my surprise, she agreed immediately.(令我惊讶的是,她立刻就同意了。) |
| To our disappointment | 令我们失望的是 | To our disappointment, the concert was canceled.(令我们失望的是,演唱会取消了。) |
| To his delight | 令他高兴的是 | To his delight, he passed the exam.(令他高兴的是,他通过了考试。) |
| To her relief | 令她松了口气的是 | To her relief, the baby finally fell asleep.(令她松口气的是,宝宝终于睡着了。) |
| To their astonishment | 令他们震惊的是 | To their astonishment, the quiet man gave a brilliant speech.(令他们震惊的是,那位沉默寡言的人发表了精彩的演讲。) |
| To everyone's surprise | 令人惊讶的是 | To everyone’s surprise, the shy student became the class president.(令人惊讶的是,这位害羞的学生当选为班长。) |
| To my horror | 令我惊恐的是 | To my horror, the floor suddenly collapsed.(令我惊恐的是,地板突然塌了。) |
2. 写作句型建议
-
To my astonishment, S + V...
→ 用于表达你对某事的极度惊讶,适合写作首段或转折句。 -
Much to his delight, he discovered that...
→ 情绪正向时,用 delight、relief 等词,可以烘托气氛。 -
To their disappointment, the reality was quite different.
→ 表达失望、转折时常用,特 别适合议论文中反转观点。