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083&084-Going on Holiday

Audio & Text(音频及原文)

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Vocabulary (词汇)

1. Holiday /ˈhɒlədeɪ/ (n.): 假期,度假

We are going on holiday tomorrow.(我们明天要去度假。)

2. Suitcase /ˈsuːtkeɪs/ (n.): 行李箱

We're packing our suitcases now.(我们现在正在打包行李箱。)

3. Untidy /ʌnˈtaɪdi/ (adj.): 不整洁的,凌乱的

This room is very untidy.(这个房间非常凌乱。)

4. Already /ɔːlˈredi/ (adv.): 已经

I’ve already had lunch.(我已经吃过午餐了。)

5. Mess /mes/ (n.): 混乱,凌乱

Excuse the mess.(抱歉,房间有点乱。)


Grammar (语法)

1. Present Perfect Tense (现在完成时)

现在完成时用于表示从过去某个时间开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态,或者某个动作在过去发生,并对现在有影响。它通常由have/has + 过去分词构成。

结构

  • 肯定句: 主语 + have/has + 过去分词
    • I have eaten lunch already.(我已经吃过午餐了。)
    • Tom has gone on holiday.(Tom已经去度假了。)
  • 否定句: 主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词
    • I haven't had lunch yet.(我还没吃午餐。)
  • 疑问句: Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词?
    • Have you had lunch?(你吃过午餐了吗?)
    • Has Sam gone on holiday?(Sam去度假了吗?)

用法:

  1. 已完成的动作与现在的关系:表示某个动作已经发生,并且对现在的情况产生了影响。
    • I have already had lunch.(我已经吃过午餐了。——这意味着我现在不需要再吃。)
  2. 表示经验:用来谈论从过去到现在的经历。
    • I have been to London.(我去过伦敦。)
  3. 表示持续到现在的状态:强调从过去持续到现在的动作或状态。
    • We have lived here for five years.(我们在这里住了五年。)

2. Use of "Already" (已经)

Already 是副词,用于表示某个动作或状态在说话之前已经发生。它通常位于现在完成时的句子中。

位置

  • 肯定句: 已经通常放在have/has和过去分词之间。
    • I have already had lunch.(我已经吃过午餐。)
    • They have already left the house.(他们已经离开了房子。)
  • 疑问句: already 一般放在主语之后。
    • Have you already eaten?(你已经吃过了吗?)
    • Has he already gone?(他已经走了吗?)

3. "Going to" for Future Plans (表示未来计划)

Going to 结构用于表达打算做的事或未来已决定的事情。

结构:

  • 肯定句: 主语 + am/are/is + going to + 动词原形
    • We are going to leave tomorrow.(我们明天就离开。)
  • 否定句: 主语 + am/are/is + not + going to + 动词原形
    • I am not going to stay at home.(我不打算待在家里。)
  • 疑问句: Am/Are/Is + 主语 + going to + 动词原形?
    • Are you going to go on holiday?(你打算去度假吗?)

用法:

  • 用于表示已经决定的未来计划或打算。
    • We are going to have a holiday next week.(我们下周打算度假。)
  • 还可以用于表示某种预定的、接近的未来。
    • It's going to rain.(要下雨了。)

4. "Aren't you lucky!" (你真幸运!)

Aren't you lucky! 这个短语常用于表达对某人好运气或情况的羡慕,通常带有一些幽默或夸张的语气。

用法:

  • 用于表达对他人幸运或幸福的感慨,带有惊讶或羡慕的意味。
    • Aren't you lucky to be going on holiday tomorrow!(你真幸运,明天就可以度假了!)
    • Aren't you lucky to have such a nice day today!(今天真是好日子,你真幸运!)

相关扩展:

English Phrase中文解释English Example中文翻译
Aren't you lucky?你真幸运!Aren't you lucky to have such a great job!你真幸运,能有这么好的工作!
How lucky you are!你真幸运!How lucky you are to live in such a beautiful place!你真幸运,住在这么美丽的地方!
You're lucky!你真幸运!You're lucky to have good friends like that.你真幸运,有像那样的好朋友。

表达的语气:

  • Aren't you lucky! 通常是带有点感叹的语气,表达说话者对对方好运气的羡慕,往往用在某人享有特殊待遇、机会或情况时。
    • 对方可能刚刚宣布他们要去度假、获得奖学金或做了其他令人羡慕的事情,使用此句表达羡慕。

Extension (扩展)

1. Talking About Holidays (谈论假期)

English Phrase中文解释English Example中文翻译
Go on holiday去度假We're going on holiday tomorrow.我们明天去度假。
Have lunch吃午餐I had lunch at half past twelve.我在十二点半吃了午餐。
Stay at home呆在家里Sam stayed at home for his holiday.Sam今年的假期呆在家里。
Pack a suitcase打包行李箱We are packing our suitcases now.我们现在正在打包行李箱。
Be lucky幸运You're lucky to have a holiday.你能度假真幸运。

Lesson 84

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